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The ability to generate potent antigen-specific T cell responses by vaccination has been a major hurdle in vaccinology. Vaccinia virus and avipox viruses have been shown to be capable of expressing antigens in mammalian cells and can induce a protective immune response against several mammalian pathogens. We report on two such vaccine constructs, modified vaccinia virus Ankara and FP9 (an attenuated fowlpox virus) both expressing the pre-erythrocytic malaria antigen thrombospondin-related adhesion protein and a string of CD8+ epitopes (ME-TRAP). In prime-boost combinations in a mouse model MVA and FP9 are highly immunogenic and induce substantial protective efficacy. A series of human clinical trials using the recombinant MVA and FP9 malaria vaccines encoding ME-TRAP, both independently and in prime-boost combinations with or without the DNA vaccine DNA ME-TRAP, has shown them to be both immunogenic for CD8+ T cells and capable of inducing protective efficacy. We report here a detailed analysis of the safety profiles of these viral vectors and show that anti-vector antibody responses induced by the vectors are generally low to moderate. We conclude that these vectors are safe and show acceptable side effect profiles for prophylactic vaccination.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.10.058

Type

Journal article

Journal

Vaccine

Publication Date

05/04/2006

Volume

24

Pages

3026 - 3034

Keywords

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Antibodies, Viral, Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte, Erythema, Exanthema, Female, Fowlpox, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Malaria Vaccines, Malaria, Falciparum, Male, Middle Aged, Plasmodium falciparum, Protozoan Proteins, Vaccines, Attenuated, Vaccinia virus, Viral Vaccines